Nigute ushobora guhitamo moteri ndende ya DC?

Gusobanukirwa Birebire-Torque Sshush Ibyingenzi

Amahame akoreshwa ya Bldc

Gukaraba DC (BLTC) Motors itanga Torque ukoresheje magnet ihoraho rotor na stator ya elegitoroniki. Aho guswera na commutator ya mashini, igezweho yahinduwe numugenzuzi ukurikije ibitekerezo bya rotor byiciro biva muri samele cyangwa enicders. Ibi bigabanya kwambara imashini, biteza imbere imikorere (mubisanzwe 85-95%), kandi bituma ubucucike bwihuse na torque bugereranije na moteri yakuweho. Kubisabwa-torque, moteri ya BLDC gutoneshwa kuberako zirashobora gutanga Torque yo hejuru hamwe no kubungabunga bike, imikorere ihamye, kandi igenzura neza ya TORQUE.

Niki "torque ndende" bisobanura muburyo bufatika

Mu myitozo yubwubatsi, "torque ndende" igomba gusobanurwa mu mubare. Kuri ingano ntoya (urugero, mm 42-60 mm diameter), torque ndende irashobora gusobanura 0.5-5 n m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m. Kuri Crames (80-130 mm), birashobora kuba 10-50 n · m. Kuri moteri nini yinganda (160-280 mm), torque-ndende kuva 50 n · m kugera kuri 50 n · m. Ubushobozi bwa Torque bwa moteri bugaragara na:

• Urutonde (Gukomeza) Torque: Torque Moteri irashobora gutanga igihe kitazwi ku bushyuhe bwibidukikije (akenshi 25-40 ° C) nta mipaka irenze.
• Peak Torque: torque-yigihe gito moteri irashobora gutanga amasegonda minini kugeza kumasegonda icumi mbere yo kwishyurwa.
• TORQUEL (KT): n mm kuri ampere, byerekana uburyo torque yatunganijwe kuri buri gice cyubu.

Mugihe uhitamo moteri, ugomba kugereranya izi ndangagaciro hamwe nuburwayi nyabwo, ntabwo ari kataloge "gusa".

Gukosora ibyangombwa bisabwa nakazi

Kuranga Umwirondoro wa Mechanical

Intangiriro ni ibisobanuro byingenzi byumutwaro wa mashini. Itsinda ryumwuga cyangwa ikipe yo gushushanya uruganda zizakubaka umwirondoro wa terque kandi wihuta kubice byuzuye. Amakuru y'ingenzi arimo:

• Umutwaro uhagaze neza: Torque yari akeneye gufata umutwaro uhagaze kuri rukuruzi, guterana amagambo, cyangwa inzira.
• Dynamic Umutwaro Torque: Torque yinyongera isabwa kwihuta no kwishuka.
• Inertia: Ihuriro Inetia ya moteri, gearbox, n'umutwaro (kg · m²).
• Umuvuduko usabwa: Umuvuduko usanzwe, byibuze kandi ntarengwa (RPM).

Nkurugero, tekereza umutwaro usaba 15 n m m m 300 rpm kubikorwa bisanzwe, wongeyeho kugeza kuri 25 n · m mugihe cyihuse. Uyu mwirondoro uhinduka ibyingenzi byinjira muri moteri.

Imirimo Imirimo ningaruka zayo

Imirimo yo ku mirimo isobanura ijanisha ryigihe moteri ikorera muri torque zitandukanye murwego. ISO mu masomo nka S1 (Gukomeza), S2 (Igihe gito), na S3 (rimwe na rimwe) bikoreshwa mugusobanura uburyo bwo gukora. Ku nshingano zihoraho (S1), torque ya moteri igomba kurenza torque ndende ikomeza gusabana numutekano. Ku nshingano za cyclical (s3), aho toolique nini cyane muri make, urashobora guhitamo moteri yegereye imipaka yubushyuhe niba impuzandengo ya torque ikaguma munsi.

Urugero rusanzwe rwinganda: moteri itanga 20 n m kumasegonda 10, hanyuma 5 n · m kumasegonda 50, asubiramo. Impuzandengo ya Torque ni:

Tavg = (20 n · m × 10 s + 5 n × 50 s) / 60 s = (2000) / 60 ≈ 7.5 n · m

Ugereranyije agaciro gakoreshwa mu burasirazuba, mugihe impinga 20 n · m igomba kugwa mugihe gito cyigihe gito cyatanzwe nuwabitanze.

Peak Torque Ikeneye n'umutekano Margins

Kubara ibisabwa byintoki

Peak Torque igenwa na Torque ya Torque na Kwihuta Torque. Kwihuta kwihuta birashobora kugereranywa kuva:

Tacc = j × (Δω / ΔT)

ahoJni inertia yose, Δω ni impinduka mumuvuduko mwiza, kandi ΔT nigihe cyihuse. Tuvuge ko Inetia ihuriweho ni 0.02 kg · m², kandi ugomba kwihutisha kuva 0 kugeza 300 rpm (≈31.4 rad / s) muri 0.5 s:

Tacc = 0.02 × (31.4 / 0.5) ≈ 1.26 n · m

Niba torque ihamye kuri 300 rpm ni 15 n · m, ibisabwa byose torque ni:

TPAAK, REQ ≈ 15 + 1.26 ≈ 16.3 n m · m

Gushyira mu bikorwa ibintu bifatika bya torque

Abashakashatsi mubisanzwe bakoresha ibintu byumutekano bya 1.2-1.5 kuri Treque ikomeza na 1.1-1.3 kuri torque ya torque ya BLDC. Gukoresha urugero rwavuzwe haruguru:

• Basabwa Torque ikomeje hamwe na margin: 15 n · m × 1.25 ≈ 18.8 n · m.
• ITANGAZO RISAK TERQUE NA TERGI: 16.3 N · M × 1.2 ≈ 19.6 n · m.

Muri iki kibazo, intego yumvikana yaba moteri yapimwe hafi 20 N · m ikomeza byibuze 22-25 n · m impinga. Ikiranga gishobora gukoreshwa cyangwa injeniyeri kumurongo uzakoresha iyi mibare kugirango usabe ingano ikwiye, umuyaga, nuburyo bwo gukonjesha.

Kubijyanye na TORQU, Umuvuduko, hamwe nubutegetsi Ibisobanuro

Kubara amashanyarazi

Guhitamo Torque ntibishobora gutandukana numuvuduko nimbaraga. Imbaraga zisohora imashini ni:

P = t × ω

ahoPni imbaraga muri watts,Tni torque muri n · m, naωni umuvuduko mwiza muri rad / s. Kuva ω = 2πn / 60 (n muri rpm), formula ikoreshwa ni:

P (w) ≈ 0.1047 × t (n · m) × n (rpm)

Kuri 20 n mrt kuri 300 rpm urugero:

P ≈ 0.1047 × 20 × 300 ≈ 628 W.

Kwemerera Motor no gutwara ibihombo, ibyinjira by'amashanyarazi birashobora kuba 700-800 w kuri sisitemu 80-90% ya BLDC.

Torque-yihuta umurongo hamwe ninzitizi za sisitemu

Motors ya BLDC ifite umurongo uranga-wihuta: torque iguma hafi yihuta, hanyuma ibitonyanga nkuko umuvuduko wiyongera kumuvuduko wacyo. Kuri voltage yatanzwe:

• Kongera umuvuduko uzamuka-emf, bigabanya ubukana kandi rero torque.
• Gukorera mu bwiherero buto cyane hamwe na Torque ndende yongera igihombo cyumuringa no gushyushya.

Kugirango umenye neza ko hatoranijwe moteri ya tor-torque ihagaze neza, tera ingingo zawe zikora kumurongo wa Tervictuker-wihuta:

• Ingingo zose zihoraho zigomba kuryama munsi yumurongo uhoraho.
• Ingingo z'igihe gito zigomba kuryama munsi yumurongo wimpanuka kandi hafi yigihe.

Niba igiti cyawe gisabwa-umuvuduko ugwa hanze yuburyo bushoboka, urashobora gukenera voltage itandukanye, hejuru ya bisi, agamije, cyangwa ingano nini mu ruganda.

Voltage, ubungubu, no guhuza

Guhuza moteri ya voltage no gutwara bisi

Guhitamo moteri-ya Bloque ya Blotc irimo guhuza voltage ya voltage hamwe nibintu byamashanyarazi kuri elegitoroniki ya disiki. Ibikoresho bisanzwe bya DC ni 24 v, 48 v, 72 v, na 310-325 VDC kuri sisitemu ya ac minection ya ac ac. Ibipimo by'ingenzi:

• Inyuma-emf burigihe (ke): v / krpm, byerekana ko wiciro voltage yabyaye kumuvuduko wigice.
• TORQUEL (KT): N · m / a, bijyanye na ke ukoresheje moteri.

Kuri voltage yatanzwe, keining nkeya izagera kumuvuduko mwinshi ariko ukeneye kurubu kuri torque yatanzwe. Umuvuduko mwinshi uzatanga torque yo hejuru kuri ampere kumuvuduko wo hasi. Utanga isoko agomba kwerekana uburyo bwinshi bwo guhinduranya; Hitamo imwe yemerera impinga yawe murwego rwo kugenzura no kwifuza kwihuta.

Ibipimo ngende hamwe no kurinda imipaka

Disiki igomba gukora byibuze:

• Urutonde rwicyiciro kirimo inshingano zihoraho.
• Icyiciro cyinshi kirimo kwihuta no kurengana, akenshi inshuro 2-3 amanota kumasegonda menshi.

Kurugero, niba porogaramu isaba amafaranga 10 ikomeza hamwe namasegonda 5, ugomba guhitamo disiki yafashwe kuri ≥12-15 ikomeza kandi ≥30 Impinga yo gutanga margin. Bitabaye ibyo, kugabanya ubugari muri disiki bizabuza moteri kugera kuri torque ndende. Funga itumanaho rya tekiniki hagati yuruganda rwa moteri na disiki itanga ni ngombwa kugirango bihuze neza.

Izinga rya to motque marque hamwe nibintu byumutekano

Kuringaniza Gukomeza Torque na Frame

Ingano ya Blot-Tord Blodc isaba kuringaniza imikorere yubukanishi nubunini, uburemere, nibiciro. Dufatiye moteri zihatira kwiruka hafi cyangwa hejuru yiki gihe ubudahwema, ubushyuhe bwo kurera no kugabanya ubuzima. Kugenzurwa byongera ikiguzi na Inetia. Uburyo bufatika:

• Menya ibisabwa bikenewe hamwe nibintu byumutekano (urugero, 1.2-1.5).
• Hitamo moteri ntoya ya Torque irenze iyo mikoreshereze.
• Menya neza ko ibyifuzo bya torque biri munsi ya moteri yigihe gito yagenwe.

Kurugero, niba ibisabwa byose ari 18 n mh m hamwe na margin, hamwe na moteri imwe itanga 20 n · m mugihe cyimiterere minini itaha itanga keretse niba isesengura ryijimye cyangwa rirenga ryerekana ko ukeneye icyumba kinini.

Gusuzuma icyumba cyimiterere yubushyuhe nibihe byiza

Ubushobozi bwa Torque bufitanye isano cyane nubushobozi bwa moteri bwo gutandukanya ubushyuhe. Ubushyuhe bwinshi bwibidukikije, guhumeka nabi, cyangwa amazu afunze azagabanya torque ikomeza. Impapuro nyinshi zamakuru zibwira 40 ° C Ambient kandi Ubuntu; Niba porogaramu yawe ikora kuri 55 ° C imbere kugenzura abaminisitiri, gushushanya birashobora kuba 10-20%. Mugihe uhitamo moteri:

• Baza utanga isoko yo gukora umurongo na ubushyuhe bwibidukikije.
• Tekereza kongeramo umufana wo ku gahato cyangwa ubushyuhe burashya niba margin yubushyuhe ari hasi.
• Menya neza ko ubushyuhe bw'umuyaga buguma munsi y'icyiciro cyayo cy'ishuri (urugero, 130-155 ° C ku ishuri f cyangwa h).

Igitekerezo cyiza cyo kutumvamo kigufasha gukoresha ubushobozi bwa torque ya moteri ntagomwe.

Gusuzuma igishushanyo cya rotor, inkingi, hamwe niboneza rihindagurika

Ingaruka zo kubara inkingi hamwe na rotor

Motory-torque ya Bloque ya Blotc akenshi ishingiye kumigambi yoroshye ya rotor. Ibitekerezo bifatika birimo:

• Kubara Pole: Kubara Pole yo hejuru (urugero, inkingi 8-16 aho kuba 4) zitezimbere ubucucike kuri torque kumuvuduko wo hasi ariko gabanya umuvuduko ntarengwa wa mashini.
• Magnet ibikoresho: Magne-yisi-yisi-yisi yongera ubucucike bwa torque no kurwanya kunegura ubupfura kubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
• Rotor Inetia: Rotor aremereye atanga torque yoroshye ariko agabanya igisubizo cya dinamike.

Kubyihuta-byihuta, kuri torque-torque nka sisitemu yo kuyobora, kubara urusaku rwinshi hamwe na diameter nini ya disor ni nziza. Kubisabwa byihuta hamwe no kongeramo ibikoresho byo kongeramo, kubara muri pole yo hepfo birashobora gutoranywa kugenzura igihombo cyicyuma.

Guhindura Topologiya na Torque

Iboneza rihanamye bigira ingaruka kuri torque, igihombo, no kwihitiramo. Abatanga inganda bakunze gutanga:

• Gukwirakwiza Amazi: Intara yo hepfo iranyeganyega kandi nziza yimikorere, ikoreshwa mugukoresha neza.
• Witondere umuyaga: ubucucike bwa Torque hamwe nimpera ngufi, hamwe nibishoboka byiyongereye.
• Inyenyeri (y) vs delta: Guhuza Star bitanga voltage nkuru, iri hepfo; Delta itanga voltage yo hejuru, yo hepfo kurwego rumwe.

Niba porogaramu yawe isaba kuri torque ya torque (kurugero, mumwanya wabigenewe cyangwa kwihuta-byihuse. Kubisabwa nkibishushanyo cyangwa abafana, induru yo hejuru gato irashobora kwemerwa muguhana ibintu byinshi byoroshye, ibishushanyo-byitondewe.

Gusuzuma imikorere yubushyuhe nibisabwa gukonjesha

Inkomoko yubushyuhe ninzira nziza

Muri moteri ndende-yo muri Tord, amasoko yibanze ni igihombo cy'umuringa (i²r), igihombo cy'icyuma, hamwe nintererano ntoya mugituho. Ubushyuhe bukabije bwumuyaga buzamuka hejuru yibidukikije bigena torque ikomeza:

• Isumbuye kuri torque yo hejuru irazamura igihombo cyumuringa ugereranije na kare.
• Kwiruka kumuvuduko wongeraho igihombo cyicyuma muri stator.

Sobanukirwa no kurwanya ubushyuhe bwa moteri kuva kumurongo kugirango ahangane (° C / W). Kurugero, niba ubushyuhe bwo mu bushyuhe ari 1.5 ° C / W hamwe no kuzamuka kwanyu kwa 80 ° C, moteri irashobora gukwirakwiza hafi 53 W ho gucika intege. Duhereye kuri ibi, uruganda rushobora kubara umubare na torque ushobora gukoresha neza igihe kirekire.

Uburyo bwo gukonjesha hamwe na TORQUE

Kugirango wongere imbaraga zihoraho zidahinduye ingano yikadiri, gukonjesha byateye imbere biragira akamaro:

• Convection karemano: Baseline, akenshi bihagije kuri Torque iringaniye munsi ya 1-2.
• Gukonjesha ku gahato: Umufana cyangwa umwuka hejuru yimiturire igabanya ubushyuhe muri 20-50%.
• Gukonjesha amazi: Amakoti y'amazi cyangwa imiyoboro ikonje yemerera torque yo hejuru cyane mubiro bihuje.

Niba gusaba kwawe bisaba Torque ikomeza hafi ya moteri, baza uwatanze isoko yo gukonjesha hamwe namakuru yikizamini. Kurugero, umwuka w'agahato ushobora kubyutsa Torque ukomeza kuva kuri 20 n · m kugeza ku ya 26 n · m ku bushyuhe bumwe, mu gihe gukonjesha amazi bishobora kubyutsa hejuru ya 30 n · m.

Urebye ubukanishi no kwinjiza

Gushiraho, Shaft, no Gutekereza

Kwishyira hamwe kwa mashini bigira ingaruka zikomeye guhitamo moteri ndende-yo muri torque. Ibipimo kugirango wemeze harimo:

• Gushiraho bisanzwe: Ibipimo bya Flange, Bolt Uruziga, hamwe nuburebure muri rusange bugomba guhuza na mashini.
• Shaft diameter hamwe nurufunguzo: Ugomba kohereza impinga-torque hamwe nibintu byumutekano utarenze guhangayika.
• Imizigo ya Radial na Axial: Guhitamo bigomba gukemura amakimbirane yakandamiye, imbaraga za ibikoresho, cyangwa imizigo.

Kurugero, niba moteri igomba kugira umutwaro 2,000 n · m TORQU na 500 RPM, kugenzura ko tubara ubuzima (L10 Ubuzima) uva muruganda. Ibishushanyo-tortique-torque bikunze gusaba ibikoresho binini cyangwa bishyigikira ko birinda gutsindwa imburagihe.

Gearboxes, kugabanya, no guhitamo neza

Aho umwanya cyangwa inzitizi zihuta zibaho, urashobora guhuza moteri ya BLDC hamwe na gearbox. Gukoresha 5: 1, urashobora kugera kuri 25 n Mh m ibisohoka kuruhande rwa moteri atanga 5 n · m m n, ikiguzi cyo kwihuta na inertia kuri shaft ya moteri. Nyamara, igihombo cya Gearbox (Akenshi 3-10%) ninyuma bigomba gusuzumwa.

Rimwe na rimwe, mu buryo butaziguye-torque-torque ya Bloque (binini-diameter, umuvuduko muto) ukureho ibikoresho, kugabanya imiterere yubukanishi no gusubira inyuma. Mugihe cyo kugisha inama utanga isoko, sobanura:

• Ibisabwa bisabwa Torque na Byihuta.
• Byemewe gusubira inyuma cyangwa gukomera kwa torsional.
• Umwanya ubashaho inzitizi ya moteri na georbox ishoboka.

Ibi bituma uwabikoze atanga moteri ndende-yo muri torque-gutwara moteri cyangwa moteri yuzuye hamwe na gearbox ihuriweho.

Gusesengura Igenzura Ibiranga, Ibitekerezo, nibikenewe

Uburyo bwo kugabanyirizwa hamwe nuburyo bwo kugenzura

Ingamba zo gutwara zigira ingaruka kumikorere myiza ya torque. Uburyo rusange bwo kugenzura:

• Kuringaniza TrapezoID (intambwe esheshatu): Byoroshye, Ibiciro-Byiza, bikwiranye nibisabwa byinshi-bya torque
• Kugenzura umurima (Kwinjiza): Koresha igenzura rya Vector kugirango utange ubwato bworoshye, imikorere yo hejuru, kandi imyitwarire myiza.

Kubisabwa bisaba kugenzura neza, nko kugenzura impagarara cyangwa robotike, yibanda hamwe nubutaka bugezweho kandi birashoboka ko hasabwa umuzingi wa Torti. Menya neza ko umushoferi watoranijwe ashobora gutanga impeshyi zisabwa kandi ishyigikira uburyo bwo kugenzura.

Ibitekerezo byo gutanga ibitekerezo no gushyira neza

Motors-torque-torque irashobora gukenera ibitekerezo byukuri kugabanyirizwa no kugenzura:

• Sensors: 60 ° imyanzuro y'amashanyarazi, bihagije kugirango igenzure yihuta.
• Encossel Encoders: Kuva 1.000 kugeza 20.000 bihuta kuri revolution (PPR) cyangwa irenga, ikoreshwa muburyo busobanutse kandi bugenzurwa.
• Enviders rwose: Tanga imyanya myinshi yo guhinduranya, ingirakamaro mubisabwa bya Servo.

Niba ushyire ukuri kuri ± 0.1 ° birakenewe, kurugero, ukeneye igikoresho cyigitekerezo gifite byibuze ibara ryibihumbi byinshi kuri buri mpinduramatwara Muganire kuri ibyo bisabwa mu buryo bweruye uruganda cyangwa utanga isoko kugirango moteri, Encoder, kandi gutwara bihujwe nkuburyo bwuzuye.

Kugereranya ikiguzi, kwizerwa, hamwe ninkunga itanga

Gusuzuma ibiciro byose bya nyirubwite

Motors yo muri Torque ya Blotc akenshi ni ibice bikomeye mubikoresho byumusaruro, bityo igiciro cyo hasi cyo kugura ntabwo buri gihe ari uguhitamo neza. Ahubwo, suzuma:

• Gukora neza (bigira ingaruka ku ingufu mu masaha ibihumbi).
• Biteganijwe ko ubuzima bwo kwinjiza no kugenzura munsi yinshingano zawe.
• Kubungabunga intera no kumafaranga yo hasi.
• Kuboneka kubihenda kandi uyobore ibihe uhereye kubakora.

Moteri igura inshuro 10-20% ariko itezimbere ubuzima bwa serivisi 5% kandi bukubye kabiri burashobora kugabanya ibikorwa bya sisitemu bikomeza inganda, cyane cyane iyo imbaraga zirenga 1 KW n'amasaha yo gukora arenga amasaha 2000 kumwaka.

Akamaro k'inkunga yubuhanga no kwitondera

Kubisaba ibyifuzo-byimurika-torque, ireme ryitumanaho tekinike nugutanga biragoye. Inkunga ikomeye yubuhanga ikubiyemo:

• Isubiramo ryo gusaba no gukora ubukaba ukurikije amakuru yawe yumutwaro.
• Imyitwarire yihariye, imiterere ya shaft, guhuza, cyangwa gushiraho flanges mugihe bikenewe.
• Ubushyuhe, kunyeganyega, hamwe namakuru yo kwipimisha ubuzima mubihe bisa nigipimo cyawe.

Uruganda rubifitiye ububasha rushobora gutanga moderi ya kataloge gusa ariko nanone ibisubizo byihariye mugihe ibicuruzwa bisanzwe bidahuye neza na torque, umuvuduko, cyangwa ibipimo byibidukikije. Mugihe wujuje ibyangombwa utanga isoko, saba amakuru yimikorere, raporo yubuhanga, hamwe no kwipimisha mbere yo kwiyemeza kubitonde byububiko.

Maxtech itanga ibisubizo

Maxtech akora nkumwuga wa Blotc Umuyoboro wa Moteri na sisitemu ya sisitemu, ushyigikira abakiriya kubisobanuro byambere byemewe. Ukurikije torque yawe, umuvuduko, voltage, hamwe namakuru yimishahara, injeniyeri ya maxtech ibara imipaka isabwa, atanga ingano ikwiye, hanyuma usabe umwuka nuburyo bwo gukonjesha. Uruganda rushobora guhuza Encodsers, feri, cyangwa agasanduku kaguka kugirango utange inteko yiteguye, kandi irashobora kwemeza imikorere hamwe na TORQUE-Umuvuduko. Binyuze muri ubu buryo butunganijwe, Maxtech ifasha kwemeza ibisubizo bihamye, bishimishije, kandi byizewe byihutirwa-byizewe bihujwe kuri buri porogaramu imashini imashini.