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Fahimtar mahimmin abu

Core da ka'idojin aiki na BLDC Motors

Motar ƙasa ta DC (BLDC) ta samar da Torque ta amfani da magnet dindindin mai taurin kai da kuma iska ta lantarki. Maimakon goge da kuma wani ma'aikacin injiniya, halin mai gudanarwa yana sauya shi bisa la'akari da matsayin juyawa daga na'urori masu auna na'urori ko m. Wannan yana rage suturar injin, yana inganta inganci (yawanci 85-95%), kuma yana ba da damar mafi girma da kuma damar da yawa idan aka kwatanta da girma breashs na kama. Don aikace-aikacen babban aiki, Motors na BLDC suna fifita saboda za su iya isar da ci gaba mai ci gaba da ƙarancin kulawa, aikinku da sauri.

Abin da "babban Torque" yana nufin a cikin sharuddan amfani

A cikin aikin injiniya, "babban torque" dole ne a bayyana ta atomatik. Don ƙananan girman firam (E.G., 42-60 mm maƙera diamita), babban torque na iya nufin 0.5-5 N · m. Don matsaka-girke na matsakaici (80-130 mm), yana iya zama 10-50 N · m. Don manyan masana'antu mafi girma (160-280 mm), ƙwararrun jeri na Torque daga 50 N · har zuwa ɗari da yawa N · m. Ana kayyade ikon torque da:

• Rated (ci gaba) Torque: torque motar zai iya isarwa da iyaka a Rated na yanayi na yanayi (sau da yawa 25-40 ° C) ba tare da wuce iyaka iyaka ba.
• Peak Torque: ɗan gajeren lokaci na ɗan gajeren hanya na iya isar da seconds zuwa dubun da seconds na farko kafin zafi.
• Torque akai-akai (kt): Neta Nesa: Nexin ampere, wanda ke nuna yawan Torque a kowane ɓangare na yanzu.

Lokacin zabar abin hawa, dole ne ka kwatanta wadannan dabi'u tare da ainihin yanayin saura, ba kawai Catalog "mafi girman" Lambobi ba.

Faɗakar da bukatun kayan aiki da zagayen aiki

Daraƙewa bayanan kayan aikin injin na inji

Matsayin farawa shine bayanin qualified na kayan inji. Kamfanin ƙwararren ƙwararru ko ƙirar ƙirar masana'anta za su iya gina bayanin martaba na lokaci-lokaci don cikakken tsarin wasan aiki. Key bayanan sun hada da:

• Static Lode Torque: Torque da ake buƙata don riƙe nauyin kaya a kan nauyi, gogayya, ko sojojin aiki.
• Dynamic Load Torque: ƙarin ƙarin Torque da ake buƙata don hanzari da yaudara.
• Inertia: Hada Intita na Motar, Gearbox, da kaya (KG · M).
• Matsakaicin sauri da ake buƙata: saurin aiki na yau da kullun, mafi ƙaranci da mafi girma (RPM).

A matsayin misali, la'akari da buƙatar buƙatar ɗaukar hoto 15 m · A 300 RPM don aiki na al'ada, ƙari har zuwa 25 a lokacin taƙaitaccen matakan hanzari. Wannan bayanin martaba ya zama ainihin shigarwar don sized siz.

Tsarin aiki da abubuwan da ke damun na thermal

Tsarin aiki ya bayyana adadin lokacin da motar ke aiki a matakan da ke cikin matakan Torque a cikin sake zagayowar. ISO na yau da kullun kamar S1 (ci gaba), S2 (ɗan gajeren lokaci), da S3 (mai tsafta) ana amfani dasu don bayyana hanyoyin aiki. Don ci gaba da aiki (S1), Ratul na Halin Torque dole ne ya wuce mafi yawan lokuta masu amfani tare da zaman lafiya. Don aikin hyclical (s3), inda babban torque ya bayyana kawai a takaice, zaku iya zaɓar motar kusa da iyakokin thermal idan matsakaicin torque akan sake zagayowarsa.

Misali na yau da kullun: Motar tana samar da 20 N · M seconds 10, to, 5 N · m for 50 seconds, maimaitawa. Matsakaicin Torque shine:

Tavg = (20 N · m × 10 s + 5 N · 250) / 60 (200 250) / 60 N · 7.5 N ≈ 7.5

Ana amfani da wannan matsakaicin ƙimar don sized da thermal, yayin da ganiya 20 Neta.

Pak Torque yana buƙatar da Amintattun Alar

Lissafi ya buƙaci ganyen Torque

Pak Torque an ƙaddara shi da duka kaya mai kyau da hanzari Torque. Ana iya kiyasta Torque da:

Tacc = j × (Δω / et)

inaJShin jimlar inertia, Δω shine canjin a cikin hanzari na angular, kuma ΔT shine lokacin hanzari. A ce hade da inertia ne 0.02 KG · my, kuma kuna buƙatar hanzarta daga 0 zuwa 300 rpm (≈31.4 rad / s) a cikin 0.5 s:

Tacc = 0.02 × (31.4 / 0.5) ≈ 1.26 N · m

Idan tsayayyen-jihar Torque a 300 rpm shine 15 N ·, jimlar irin bukatun Torque shine:

TPEAK, REQ ≈ 15 + 1.26 ≈ 16.3 N · m

Amfani da abubuwan tsaro masu aminci na aiki

Injiniya yawanci amfani da ingantaccen tushen aminci na 1.2-1.5 a ci gaba da Torque da 1.1-1.3 a kan ganyayyaki na zaɓin BLDC. Yin amfani da misalin da ke sama:

• Required continuous torque with margin: 15 N·m × 1.25 ≈ 18.8 N·m.
• Babbar Torque da ke buƙata tare da gefe: 16.3 N · m × 1.2 ≈ 19.6 N · 19.6 N ·.

A wannan yanayin, manufa mai ma'ana zai zama motar da aka zana a kusa da 20 Nalibu ci gaba tare da akalla 22-25 N peeak. Mai ba da tallafi ko ƙungiyar injiniya a masana'anta za su yi amfani da waɗannan alkalumma don bayar da shawarar girman firam ɗin da ya dace, iska, da hanyar sanyaya.

Torque, Sauri, da Bayanin Wuta

Kissimar Ikilis

Za'a rabuwa da zabin Torque daga sauri da ƙarfi. Powerarfin fitarwa na inji shine:

P = t × ω

inaPshine iko a watts,Tshi ne Torque a N · m, kumaωshi ne saurin hanzari a cikin Rad / s. Tun lokacin da ω = 2πn / 60 (n a rpm), yawanci ana amfani da tsari shine:

P (w) ≈ 0.1047 × t (N · · m) × n (rpm)

Ga 20 Nalibu a Misali RPM 300:

P ≈ 0.1047 × 20 × 300 ≈ 628 w

Bada izinin hawa da asara, shigar da lantarki na iya zama 700-800 w don tsarin BLDC na 80-90%.

Torque-sauri-sauri da kuma matsalolin tsarin

BLDC motors suna da halayyar Torque-Speedrve: Torque ya tsaya a qarancin saurin gudu, to, saukad da sauri yana ƙaruwa zuwa saurin ɗaukar nauyi. A wani wutar lantarki da aka bayar:

• Kara yawan tashi yana haifar da baya-EMF, iyakance samuwa a halin yanzu kuma ta haka ne Torque.
• Yin aiki a mafi ƙarancin sauri tare da babban torque yana ƙara asarar da toka da dumama.

Don tabbatar da abin da aka zaɓa da aka zaɓa da aka zaɓa daidai, shirya wuraren aikinku akan Torque-Speedur Curve:

• Dukkanin abubuwanda ke ci gaba da kasancewa a ƙasa da cigaba da ci gaba.
• Duk wuraren gajeren lokaci dole ne su kwanta a ƙasa da ganyen kololuwa da kuma a cikin damar da aka ba da izinin.

Idan maki mai sauri na yau da kullun ya faɗi a waje da yanki mai yiwuwa, zaku iya buƙatar wata iska mai ƙarfi, ƙarfin bas, ko girman gear, ko girman firam.

Kayan aikin gona, da zaɓin martaba na yanzu

Dace da wutar lantarki da bas

Zabi wani motar wasan kwaikwayo na Torque BLDC ya hada da dacewa da halayensa da halaye na lantarki zuwa hanyar lantarki. Bus na gama gari shine 24 v, 48 v, 72 V, da 310-325 vdc don AC na gyara tsarin. Sabbin sigogi:

• Back-emf akai-akai (Ke): V / krpm, wanda ke nuna yanayin aikin da aka kirkira a kowane yanki naúrar.
• Torque akai-akai (KT): Neh 16 a, mai alaƙa da Ke ta hanyar ƙirar mota.

Don wutar lantarki da aka ƙi, mai ƙarancin iska zai kai mafi girma mai sauri amma yana buƙatar ƙarin a halin yanzu don torque da aka bayar. Babbar iska mai girma zai samar da mafi girma a kowace ambaliya a ƙananan sauri. Mai siye ya kamata ya bayyana zaɓuɓɓukan iska da yawa; Zaɓi wanda ke ba da damar Peel ɗinku a cikin ƙimar mai sarrafawa da saurin da kuka fi so.

Ratuka na yanzu da na kariya

Dole ne ya zama mai ƙira a kalla:

• Tsarin lokaci na yanzu don ci gaba da aiki.
• Peak lokaci na yanzu don hanzarta da overload, sau da yawa sau 2-3 sau da na yanzu na yanzu don seconds.

Misali, idan aikace-aikacen yana buƙatar 10 a cikin ganiya ta 10 na ƙwararru 25 na secondsan sakan 25, ya kamata ku zaɓi wanda aka kimanta a ≥12-15 ci gaba da kuma haɓaka ƙwallon ƙafa. In ba haka ba, iyakance a cikin drive ɗin zai hana motar don isa ga babban torque da ake so. Taddin fasaha tsakanin masana'antar masana'antu da mai ba da drive yana da mahimmanci don daidaitaccen haɗe.

Sizing Motsa ta Torque gefe da abubuwan aminci

Daidaitawa ci gaba da torque da girman firam

Sizurin motar bas-Torque yana buƙatar daidaitawa na kayan aikin injin tare da girman, nauyi, da tsada. Ba a bayyana motar motar da za ta yi kusa da ko sama da aka kimanta na yanzu ci gaba, kiwon zazzabi da kuma rage rayuwa. Ovesizing yana ƙaruwa farashi da inertia. Hanyar aiki:

• Eterayyade lokacin da ake buƙata mai ci gaba tare da ingantaccen aminci (E.G., 1.2-1.5).
• Zaɓi mafi ƙanƙantar ƙasa wanda Rated Torque ya wuce wannan bukata.
• Tabbatar da cewa buƙatun ƙaƙƙarfan hoto yana ƙasa da ikon takaita na ɗan lokaci.

Misali, idan cigaban ka shine 18 N · 7 N · Mayafin abin hawa yana ba da shawara sai dai idan an yi amfani da tsarin zafi.

Kimantawa Littafin Haske da Yanayin yanayi

Torque ikon da aka danganta da ikon motar don hana zafi. Babban zafin jiki na yanayi, mara kyau iska, ko rufewa gida zai rage ci gaba mai kyau. Yawancin maganganun bayanai suna ɗaukar 40 ° C na yanayi da kuma yin taro mai ban sha'awa; Idan aikace-aikacen ku yana gudana a 55 ° C a ciki cudanar kula da sarrafawar sarrafawa, wajen iya zama 10-20%. Lokacin zabar motar:

• Nemi mai ba da abinci don cire daskarar da zazzabi vs.
• Yi la'akari da ƙara fan fan ko zafin rana idan an nutse wuta idan gefen zafin rana ba shi da ƙasa.
• Tabbatar da zafin jiki na iska ya zauna a ƙasa da rufinsa (misali, 130-155 ° C don aji f ko h).

Daidai tunanin da ya dace yana ba ku damar amfani da ƙarfin motar Torque ba tare da yin sadaukarwa ba.

Kimanta zane mai rotor, dogayen sanda, da kuma sanyi

Tasirin Kidididdigar Kidaya da Tsarin Rotor

Motoran wasan kwaikwayo na Torque BLDC sau da yawa dogaro da ingantattun kayayyaki masu juyawa. Abubuwan da suka dace sun haɗa da:

• Ka'idodi Countali: Babban yanki Ka'idodin (E.G., 8-16 Poes maimakon 4) Inganta Torque Serts amma ya iyakance matsakaicin hanzari na ƙasa.
• Magnet kayan: Babban aji-aji raren-maganayen maganadia na magaruman ƙasa da tsayayya da demagnozation a yanayin zafi.
• Rotor Inertia: Masu motocin masu maye suna ba da haske amma rage amsa mai tsauri.

Don ƙananan aikace-aikacen, aikace-aikacen babban aiki kamar tsarin kai tsaye, ƙidaya babban yanki tare da manyan diamita mai ƙyalli ya dace. Don aikace-aikace mai sauri tare da ragewar kaya, ana iya zaɓin ƙaramin yanki don sarrafa asarar baƙin ƙarfe.

Iska da torque riple

Tsarin iska yana shafar torque, asara, da santsi. Masu samar da masana'antu galibi suna ba da:

• Rarraba iska: ƙananan torque ripple da mafi kyawun aikin Sinusidal, ana amfani da shi don aikace-aikacen da aka yi amfani da su.
• Motar ruwa mai yawa: mafi girma Torque sarai da kuma gajere ƙarshen juyawa, mai yiwuwa ƙara cogging torque.
• Star (y) vs Delta: Haɗin Star yana ba da ƙarfi, ƙananan halin yanzu; Delta yana ba da mafi girma na yanzu, ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki a wannan ƙarfin.

Idan aikace-aikacenku yana buƙatar ƙarancin ƙwayar cuta (alal misali, a cikin matakin daidaitawa ko ƙananan bayanan motsi da ƙwallon ƙafa daga masana'anta kuma tabbatar da gwaji. Don aikace-aikacen kamar famfo ko magoya baya, dan kadan tsinkaye na iya zama karbuwa a musayar don ƙarin tsari, zane-zanen Torque.

Kimantawa da aikin zafi da kayan sanyi

Hanyoyin zafi da tafarki ta zafi

A cikin motar wasan motsa jiki na BLDC, tushen ruwan sanyi sune asarar talaƙwalwa na tagulla (II²R), asarar baƙin ƙarfe, da kuma babban gudummawa daga asarar kayan masarufi. Haske zafin iska mai iska yana haifar da ci gaba da latsuwa:

• Mafi girma na yanzu don mafi girma Torque yana haifar da asarar torque da murabba'in na yanzu.
• Gudun a mafi girman sauri yana ƙara asarar baƙin ƙarfe a cikin mai duba.

Fahimtar juriya na hermal daga iska zuwa yanayi (° C / W). Misali, idan juriya ya kai 1.5 ° C / W da kuma izinin zazzabi da izininka 80 ° C, motar tana iya dispippate kusan 53 w hatsuwa akai-akai. Daga wannan, masana'anta na iya lissafa yawan halin yanzu da Torque zaka iya aiki da dogon lokaci.

Hanyoyin sanyaya da kuma ci gaba da haɓaka Torque

Don ƙara yawan ci gaba mai amfani tare ba tare da canza girman firam ba, ingantaccen sanyaya yana da tasiri:

• Convent na dabi'a: Baseline, sau da yawa isa ga matsakaici mai laushi a ƙasa 1-2 k.
• Profred-iska sanyaya: fan ko jirgin sama a fadin gidaje yana rage ƙarfin zafin zafi da 20-50%.
• Jaket mai sanyaya: Jaket na ruwa ko tashoshin ruwan sanyi ko kuma suna ba da damar ci gaba sosai tukwane a cikin ƙananan kunshe.

Idan aikace-aikacen ku yana buƙatar ci gaba da wahala kusa da iyakar motar, tambayi mai ba da kaya don zaɓuɓɓukan sanyaya da bayanan gwajin. Misali, tilasta iska na iya tarku ci gaba da torque daga 20 N · zuwa 26 N · A wannan yanayin yanayi na yanayi, yayin da ruwa ya san shi sama da 30 m.

La'akari da hadewar haɗin gwiwar na injiniya da tilastawa

Hawa, shaft, da kuma cika tunani

Haɗin injin karfi yana tasiri sosai da zaɓin wani babban motar wasan BLDC. Sigogi don tabbatarwa sun hada da:

• Matsayi na hawa: farren flari, flant da'irar, kuma tsawon gaba daya dole ne ya dace da ƙirar injin.
• Diamita mai narkewa da keying: dole ne watsa kofin Torque tare da mahimmancin aminci ba tare da wuce wuya ga mai wahala ba.
• Radial da axaial lodi na axial: dole ne ya zabi ya zama belin belin, sojojin gefuna, ko lita.

Misali, idan motar dole ne ta tsayayya da nauyin 2,000 da a 20 N · 2800 rpm, tabbatar da cewa rayar da rai (L10 Life) daga masana'antun. Tsarin zane mai yawa-Torque sau da yawa yana buƙatar manyan abubuwan ɗaukar hoto ko shafuka masu goyan baya don kauce wa gazawar riga.

Gearboxes, Kudi, da zaɓin Drive Drive

Inda sarari ko hanzari ya wanzu, zaku iya haɗa motar BLDC tare da kayan sawun. Yin amfani da ragi na 5: 1, zaku iya cimma nasara 25 a lokacin fitarwa daga motar kuɗi 5 N · m, a farashin ƙara sauri da inertia a tashar motar. Koyaya, Gearbox asarar (sau da yawa 3-10%) kuma dole ne a la'akari da baya.

A wasu halaye, directow mai ƙarfi na Torque na BLDC (babba-diamita, ƙaramin gudu) ya kawar da kayan kwalliya, rage ƙimar injin da baya. Lokacin da tuntuɓar mai ba da kaya, saka:

• Fututtukan da ake buƙata na Torque da sauri.
• Wanda ba shi izini ko yatsan juji.
• Sararin samaniya ambaliyar kayan aiki don motocin kaya.

Wannan yana ba da damar masana'anta don ba da shawarar ko dai babbar motar kai tsaye ko ƙaramar mota tare da akwatin gefrika.

Binciken Abubuwan sarrafawa na Binciken, ra'ayoyi, da kuma takamaiman bukatun

Hanyoyin da aka yi da sarrafa su

Dabarun tuƙi yana tasiri ingantaccen aikin Torque. Hanyoyin kulawa na gama gari:

• Gudanar da Trapezoidal (Mataki shida): Mai sauki, tsada, tsada don aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen Torque wanda ya dace da ƙarfi.
• Kulawa na fili (mai da hankali): Yana amfani da sarrafa vector don samar da smoroother torque, mafi inganci, kuma mafi kyawun halaye masu ƙarfi.

Don aikace-aikace suna buƙatar ingantaccen iko, kamar sarrafa tashin hankali ko robobi, mai da hankali tare da madauki da kuma yiwuwar madauki ne a madadin madauki. Tabbatar da zaben da aka zaɓa na iya samar da ganiya da ake buƙata na yanzu kuma yana goyan bayan yanayin sarrafawa da ake so.

Na'urorin ra'ayoyi da daidaito

Motar torque na iya buƙatar cikakken ra'ayi don compleawa da sarrafawa:

• Hall Sens: 60 ° ƙuduri na lantarki, isasshen isasshen iko na asali.
• Ingantaccen m: daga 1,000 zuwa 20,000 na kowace juzu'in juyin juya hali (PPR) ko fiye, ana amfani da shi, ana amfani da su daidai da sarrafawa.
• Cikakke Excoders: Bayar da Multi-juzu'i mai cikakken matsayi, mai amfani a aikace-aikacen servo.

Idan sanya daidaito na ± 0.1 °, kuna buƙatar na'urar bincike tare da aƙalla dubu da yawa a hade da mai sarrafa Servo da ya dace. Tattauna waɗannan buƙatun a sarari tare da masana'anta ko mai kaya don haka kuɗaɗe, maƙallaka, ana daidaita su azaman cikakken tsarin.

Kimanta farashi, dogaro, da tallafi

Kimanta jimlar ikon mallakar

Motors na BLDC galibi abu ne mai mahimmanci a kayan aikin samarwa, don haka farashin siye ba koyaushe ne mafi kyawun zaɓi ba. Madadin haka, kimanta:

• Inganci (yana haifar da yawan makamashi a dubban sa'o'i).
• Rayuwar da ake tsammani da rufi rayuwa a ƙarƙashin tsarin aikinku.
• Kiyayewa da kudin bayansa.
• Wadatar da wasu lokuta da jagoran daga masana'anta.

Motar da ta kashe kashi 10-20% amma tana inganta inganci ta 5% kuma ta ninka matakan samar da masana'antu a cikin sa'o'i da sa'o'i masu aiki sun wuce awanni 2,000 a shekara.

Muhimmancin tallafin Injiniya da Abokin Ingantacce

Don neman aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen Torque, ingancin sadarwa na fasaha tare da mai amfani ya yanke hukunci. Tallafin Injiniya Mai ƙarfi ya ƙunshi:

• Aikace-aikacen Aikace-aikacen da Sizing ƙididdigar dangane da bayanan kayan ku na ainihi.
• Musamman iska, siffofin shaft, masu haɗin kai, ko manyan fannoni idan ake buƙata.
• Thermal, rawar jiki, da kuma rayuwa gwajin bayanai a karkashin yanayi mai kama da amfanin ku.

Kamfanin da ya cancanta zai iya samar da samfuran fasikanci kawai amma har ma an inganta su mafita yayin da daidaitattun samfuran ba su cika haɗuwa da buƙatun rayuwa cikakke ba, saurin, ko buƙatun muhalli. A lokacin da ya cancanci sabon mai ba da bayanai, a nemi bayanan tunani, rahotannin injiniya, da gwajin samfurin kafin yin umarni don ƙara umarni.

Maxtek samar da mafita

Maxtech yana aiki azaman ƙwararrun motar motar motsa jiki na BLDC da mai amfani na tsarin, waɗanda ke tallafawa abokan ciniki daga ƙayyadaddun farko na farko. Dangane da torque, gudun hijira, ƙarfin lantarki, da bayanan mai-nauyi, da kuma bayar da shawarar m tsarin. Masallan zai iya haɗa hanyar shiga, birki, ko kayan siribobi don sadar da shirye-shiryen taro, kuma yana iya inganta aiki tare da gwajin zafi da gwajin zafi da gwaji. Ta hanyar wannan tsarin tsarin, Maxtech yana taimakawa tabbatar da barga, ingantacce, da ingantattun mahimmancin hanyoyin sarrafa kayan aiki da lantarki da lantarki.